Lateglacial societies in the Parisian Basin and their traditions. Contributions of comparative technology.
Les groupes humains et leurs traditions au Tardiglaciaire dans le Bassin parisien. Apports de la technologie lithique comparée.
Résumé
The multiplication of field work and systematic reanalyses of old collections give the frame of reference for this research. The development of comparative technology creates new methodological tools to reveal not only the concepts guiding the flint knapping activities and the fabrication of tools, but also the place these activities occupied within technological systems.
The inquiry starts with groups belonging to the late Magdalenian, who seem to have occupied the region from the Bølling to the beginning of the Allerød interstadial. Consideration of about a dozen new sites allows us to narrow the definition of the technological identity which is the basis of the originality of these groups. This identity is perceived through recurrant technical choices which transcend the diversity of modes of occupation. In addition, the diversity of choices leads us toward the identification of discrete but significant differences, which may be evidence of evolution within this tradition. Later Federmesser groups (cf. Azilian), poorly known south of Paris Basin until recently, have been identified at a number of sites, some of which are stratified. The amplitude of technical changes evidenced by their lithic industries shows a profound modification of economic behaviour during the Alleröd. The recognition of several tendancies (or phases) in this evolution leads us to discuss the pace and causes of this evolutionnary change. After an occupational hiatus during the Late Dryas, at the moment of the Tardi/Postglacial transition, the west and the south of the Paris Basin saw the appearance of particular technical facies long known in the Thames and the Somme : Long Blade assemblages (or "Belloisien"). For now, these facies have been recognized only on sites where flint knapping was the dominant activity and whose objective was essentially the production of blanks for subsequent or later use. We will discuss the cultural identity of the authors of these facies which are the testimonies of an unprecedented phenomenon in this region during the Tardiglacial : fragmentation of the knapping sequence in time and space.
The inquiry starts with groups belonging to the late Magdalenian, who seem to have occupied the region from the Bølling to the beginning of the Allerød interstadial. Consideration of about a dozen new sites allows us to narrow the definition of the technological identity which is the basis of the originality of these groups. This identity is perceived through recurrant technical choices which transcend the diversity of modes of occupation. In addition, the diversity of choices leads us toward the identification of discrete but significant differences, which may be evidence of evolution within this tradition. Later Federmesser groups (cf. Azilian), poorly known south of Paris Basin until recently, have been identified at a number of sites, some of which are stratified. The amplitude of technical changes evidenced by their lithic industries shows a profound modification of economic behaviour during the Alleröd. The recognition of several tendancies (or phases) in this evolution leads us to discuss the pace and causes of this evolutionnary change. After an occupational hiatus during the Late Dryas, at the moment of the Tardi/Postglacial transition, the west and the south of the Paris Basin saw the appearance of particular technical facies long known in the Thames and the Somme : Long Blade assemblages (or "Belloisien"). For now, these facies have been recognized only on sites where flint knapping was the dominant activity and whose objective was essentially the production of blanks for subsequent or later use. We will discuss the cultural identity of the authors of these facies which are the testimonies of an unprecedented phenomenon in this region during the Tardiglacial : fragmentation of the knapping sequence in time and space.
La multiplication des travaux de terrain et la reprise systématique des collections anciennes dessinent le cadre de cette recherche. Le développement de la technologie comparée offre de nouveaux outils méthodologiques aptes à mettre en évidence non seulement les concepts qui guident les activités de taille du silex et de fabrication des outils, mais aussi la place qu'occupent ces activités au sein des systèmes techniques. L'enquête débute par les groupes du Magdalénien supérieur qui semblent avoir occupé la région depuis le Bølling jusqu'au début de l'Allerød. Elle se poursuit par une réflexion sur le rythme et les modalités de l' "azilianisation" qui s'est produite dans le Bassin Parisien au cours de l'Allerød. L'enquête s'achève au moment de la transition Tardi/Postglaciaire, quand l'ouest et le sud du Bassin Parisien voient l'émergence, après un hiatus apparent, de faciès identifiés de longue date dans les bassins de la Tamise et de la Somme : les faciès "belloisiens" (ou Long blade assemblages).
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Volume1.pdf (13.57 Mo)
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Annexes.pdf (42.61 Mo)
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Volume2.pdf (11.42 Mo)
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Format : Autre